Ownership › Investor-owned utilities
Ownership type · Form EIA-861, 2024
Investor-owned utilities
Investor-owned utilities are private companies, usually regulated monopolies whose rates are set in proceedings before a state utility commission. They serve most large metropolitan areas.
136 respondents classed by EIA as investor-owned utilities reported at least 1,000 residential customers for 2024, 95,681,781 residential customers between them.
The median average residential price among the 136 with bundled service was 16.17¢ per kilowatthour, with the middle half between 13.84¢ and 19.23¢; the median across all ownership types was 13.33¢ and the customer-weighted US average 16.48¢. The median bill was $131.47 a month.
The 129 that filed reliability data reported a median SAIDI of 278.7 minutes per customer including major event days and 106.5 minutes excluding them; the medians across all types were 184.5 and 99.8.
Average price is revenue divided by sales for the sector and year; it is not a tariff rate. Reliability figures are as reported by utilities to EIA on Form 861 and may use different calculation methods. Group figures are medians across utilities from the final 2024 file.
Against all utilities
| Median, 2024 | Investor-owned utilities | All ownership types | US average (customer-weighted) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Average residential price per kWh | 16.17¢ | 13.33¢ | 16.48¢ |
| Average monthly residential bill | $131.47 | $134.12 | $142.26 |
| Average monthly use, kWh | 787 | — | 863 |
| SAIDI, all events (minutes) | 278.7 | 184.5 | — |
| SAIDI, without major event days | 106.5 | 99.8 | — |
| Residential customers per utility | 412,261 | — | — |
Median price by year
Investor-owned utilities, medianUS average
Largest by residential customers
| Utility | State | Residential customers | ¢ per kWh | Monthly bill | SAIDI, all events | SAIDI, no major events |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Florida Power & Light Co | FL | 5,236,277 | 13.71¢ | $154.70 | 702.1 | 45.7 |
| Pacific Gas & Electric Co. | CA | 5,047,461 | 39.62¢ | $198.05 | 509.3 | 275.6 |
| Southern California Edison Co | CA | 4,594,415 | 32.43¢ | $164.02 | 158.3 | 100.2 |
| Commonwealth Edison Co | IL | 3,727,675 | 15.22¢ | $88.72 | 131.9 | 35.6 |
| Consolidated Edison Co-NY Inc | NY | 3,064,038 | 35.66¢ | $130.14 | 27.8 | 15.0 |
| Virginia Electric & Power Co | VA | 2,492,204 | 14.09¢ | $142.75 | 171.9 | 129.8 |
| Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC | NC | 2,487,958 | 13.95¢ | $138.61 | 3,063.1 | 170.7 |
| Georgia Power Co | GA | 2,452,488 | 15.49¢ | $153.24 | 1,516.2 | 127.9 |
| DTE Electric Company | MI | 2,067,779 | 20.13¢ | $122.74 | 483.0 | 159.2 |
| Public Service Elec & Gas Co | NJ | 2,056,231 | 20.42¢ | $115.47 | 45.3 | 39.3 |
| PacifiCorp | UT | 1,837,507 | 13.07¢ | $108.19 | 215.3 | 109.8 |
| FirstEnergy Pennsylvania Electric Co | PA | 1,806,012 | 17.37¢ | $148.80 | 402.6 | 220.5 |
| Duke Energy Florida, LLC | FL | 1,793,067 | 16.63¢ | $170.34 | 2,499.5 | 83.5 |
| Consumers Energy Co | MI | 1,657,843 | 19.11¢ | $120.01 | 502.6 | 155.0 |
| PECO Energy Co | PA | 1,535,818 | 16.16¢ | $121.18 | 212.0 | 60.0 |
| Niagara Mohawk Power Corp. | NY | 1,532,294 | 17.22¢ | $109.74 | 510.1 | 140.7 |
| Duke Energy Progress | NC | 1,499,792 | 15.47¢ | $157.75 | 1,650.4 | 139.8 |
| Northern States Power Co - Minnesota | MN | 1,405,248 | 16.38¢ | $99.40 | 279.2 | 103.8 |
| Public Service Co of Colorado | CO | 1,365,053 | 15.05¢ | $90.26 | 351.7 | 158.0 |
| San Diego Gas & Electric Co | CA | 1,364,361 | 43.63¢ | $159.10 | 157.2 | 71.1 |
| Ohio Power Co | OH | 1,339,232 | 19.33¢ | $173.55 | 272.2 | 158.1 |
| Alabama Power Co | AL | 1,332,911 | 16.77¢ | $189.36 | 334.2 | 116.9 |
| NSTAR Electric Company | MA | 1,303,076 | 29.91¢ | $137.02 | 80.6 | 66.1 |
| PPL Electric Utilities Corp | PA | 1,295,883 | 16.99¢ | $144.25 | 455.1 | 90.3 |
| Arizona Public Service Co | AZ | 1,256,120 | 16.45¢ | $170.02 | 87.2 | 80.9 |
| Baltimore Gas & Electric Co | MD | 1,214,100 | 17.91¢ | $155.58 | 133.5 | 66.7 |
| Massachusetts Electric Co | MA | 1,210,113 | 33.60¢ | $165.44 | 133.7 | 90.7 |
| Connecticut Light & Power Co | CT | 1,174,420 | 28.51¢ | $187.10 | 158.8 | 76.9 |
| Union Electric Co | MO | 1,095,619 | 12.56¢ | $124.23 | 148.0 | 94.0 |
| Puget Sound Energy Inc | WA | 1,091,599 | 14.63¢ | $128.07 | 1,196.0 | 203.0 |
| Ameren Illinois Company | IL | 1,060,894 | 15.26¢ | $130.20 | 223.9 | 120.6 |
| Wisconsin Electric Power Co | WI | 1,048,148 | 19.23¢ | $120.21 | 296.0 | 109.0 |
| Jersey Central Power & Lt Co | NJ | 1,038,258 | 15.65¢ | $123.82 | 481.1 | 254.8 |
| Ohio Edison Co | OH | 957,780 | 16.18¢ | $127.09 | 233.8 | 114.0 |
| Entergy Louisiana LLC | LA | 957,522 | 11.05¢ | $135.28 | 609.9 | 213.2 |
| Nevada Power Co | NV | 916,385 | 15.33¢ | $146.89 | 73.0 | 51.6 |
| Potomac Electric Power Co | MD | 872,387 | 19.04¢ | $141.26 | 53.5 | 39.1 |
| Portland General Electric Co | OR | 828,857 | 18.19¢ | $141.40 | 772.0 | 133.0 |
| Appalachian Power Co | VA | 814,229 | 16.91¢ | $181.38 | 1,764.9 | 443.4 |
| Duke Energy Indiana, LLC | IN | 796,265 | 12.75¢ | $120.26 | 295.6 | 112.9 |
By state
| State | Filings | Residential customers | Share of state's reported customers | Median ¢ per kWh |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| California | 6 | 11,109,739 | 56.9% | 31.55¢ |
| Florida | 4 | 7,812,184 | 75.1% | 15.65¢ |
| New York | 8 | 6,226,040 | 78.2% | 21.04¢ |
| Pennsylvania | 8 | 5,255,197 | 78.3% | 17.18¢ |
| Illinois | 4 | 4,866,478 | 73.6% | 15.24¢ |
| Ohio | 6 | 4,424,100 | 55.5% | 16.41¢ |
| Michigan | 7 | 3,940,476 | 88.8% | 17.43¢ |
| New Jersey | 4 | 3,667,337 | 94.3% | 20.73¢ |
| North Carolina | 3 | 3,384,107 | 68.6% | 13.94¢ |
| Virginia | 3 | 2,871,500 | 80.1% | 14.28¢ |
| Massachusetts | 4 | 2,552,302 | 57.5% | 34.36¢ |
| Georgia | 1 | 2,452,488 | 52.5% | 15.49¢ |
| Wisconsin | 12 | 2,309,914 | 86.4% | 16.23¢ |
| Indiana | 5 | 2,252,269 | 77.7% | 16.31¢ |
| Maryland | 4 | 2,210,643 | 80.8% | 18.99¢ |
| Missouri | 4 | 1,817,599 | 66.5% | 13.14¢ |
| Arizona | 5 | 1,767,111 | 57% | 15.63¢ |
| Louisiana | 4 | 1,604,638 | 76% | 12.68¢ |
| Connecticut | 2 | 1,486,711 | 81% | 31.28¢ |
| Colorado | 2 | 1,454,305 | 58.4% | 16.05¢ |
| Washington | 3 | 1,452,107 | 43.9% | 11.87¢ |
| South Carolina | 4 | 1,413,660 | 56.5% | 14.29¢ |
| Minnesota | 4 | 1,406,159 | 60.4% | 15.66¢ |
| Oregon | 3 | 1,390,190 | 77.2% | 14.02¢ |
| Alabama | 1 | 1,332,911 | 57% | 16.77¢ |
| Nevada | 2 | 1,247,276 | 95.7% | 14.93¢ |
| Oklahoma | 3 | 1,215,117 | 68.5% | 12.73¢ |
| Texas | 4 | 1,148,362 | 9.2% | 13.41¢ |
| Kentucky | 4 | 1,105,832 | 54% | 12.86¢ |
| Iowa | 3 | 1,050,298 | 84.5% | 15.53¢ |
| Utah | 1 | 947,246 | 80.6% | 12.52¢ |
| Kansas | 4 | 897,281 | 80.5% | 13.80¢ |
| West Virginia | 5 | 856,671 | 100% | 15.35¢ |
| Arkansas | 4 | 779,495 | 53.7% | 12.25¢ |
| Idaho | 3 | 728,147 | 87.4% | 11.76¢ |
| Maine | 2 | 715,861 | 89.5% | 25.76¢ |
| New Mexico | 3 | 688,245 | 77.8% | 11.98¢ |
| New Hampshire | 3 | 568,176 | 65.2% | 22.87¢ |
| Mississippi | 2 | 542,048 | 41.6% | 13.84¢ |
| Rhode Island | 1 | 451,381 | 78.9% | 28.26¢ |
| Hawaii | 3 | 416,403 | 93.3% | 43.96¢ |
| Montana | 4 | 347,764 | 72.6% | 13.56¢ |
| District of Columbia | 1 | 318,780 | 91.8% | 16.58¢ |
| Delaware | 1 | 301,950 | 62.4% | 17.23¢ |
| Vermont | 1 | 226,675 | 80.8% | 22.09¢ |
| South Dakota | 6 | 224,273 | 64.5% | 13.22¢ |
| North Dakota | 3 | 207,808 | 55.5% | 11.72¢ |
| Wyoming | 5 | 175,102 | 71% | 13.13¢ |
| Tennessee | 2 | 43,160 | 1.4% | 12.84¢ |
| Alaska | 2 | 21,144 | 7.7% | 25.06¢ |
Questions and answers
How many investor-owned utilities are there?
136 respondents of this type reported at least 1,000 residential customers on Form EIA-861 for 2024, with 95,681,781 residential customers in total. Smaller ones are not counted here.
What do investor-owned utilities charge?
The median average residential price was 16.17¢ per kilowatthour in 2024, against a median of 13.33¢ across all types. The middle half ranged from 13.84¢ to 19.23¢.
How reliable are investor-owned utilities?
The median SAIDI reported was 278.7 minutes per customer including major event days and 106.5 excluding them, from 129 filings. Territory matters: long rural lines are exposed to more weather per customer than compact urban systems.
Provenance
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-861, 2024 final release; ownership class as assigned by EIA. Medians computed on this site over utilities with at least 1,000 residential customers. US average from the Form EIA-861M workbook. Public domain.